C++ File I/O Operations

Writing to a File (Output):

1. Open a File:

    #include <fstream>

    int main() {
        std::ofstream outputFile("example.txt");

        // Write data to the file

        outputFile.close(); // Close the file when done
        return 0;
    }
    

2. Write Data to the File:

    outputFile << "Hello, File I/O!" << std::endl;
    

3. Append Data to a File:

    std::ofstream outputFile("example.txt", std::ios::app);
    

Reading from a File (Input):

1. Open a File for Reading:

    #include <fstream>

    int main() {
        std::ifstream inputFile("example.txt");

        // Read data from the file

        inputFile.close(); // Close the file when done
        return 0;
    }
    

2. Read Data from the File:

    std::string word;
    inputFile >> word; // Read a word

    std::string line;
    std::getline(inputFile, line); // Read a line
    

3. Check for End-of-File (EOF):

    while (!inputFile.eof()) {
        // Read data from the file
    }
    

4. Check if File is Open:

    if (inputFile.is_open()) {
        // File operations
    } else {
        std::cerr << "Unable to open the file." << std::endl;
    }
    

Error Handling:

1. Exception Handling:

    try {
        // File operations
    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
        std::cerr << "Error: " << e.what() << std::endl;
    }
    

These examples cover the basic operations for file I/O in C++. Depending on your specific requirements, you may need to explore more advanced features, such as binary file I/O, random access, and handling different file formats. Always remember to handle errors appropriately to ensure robust file handling.