Python Strings

1. Creating Strings:

Strings can be created using single quotes ('), double quotes ("), or triple quotes (''' or """).

single_quoted = 'Hello, World!'
double_quoted = "Python is awesome!"
triple_quoted = '''This is a
multiline string.'''

2. Accessing Characters:

Individual characters in a string can be accessed using indexing.

message = "Hello, World!"
first_char = message[0]   # 'H'

3. String Slicing:

You can extract a substring from a string using slicing.

message = "Hello, World!"
substring = message[7:12]  # 'World'

4. String Concatenation:

Strings can be concatenated using the + operator.

first_name = "John"
last_name = "Doe"
full_name = first_name + " " + last_name  # 'John Doe'

5. String Length:

The len() function is used to get the length (number of characters) of a string.

message = "Hello, World!"
length = len(message)  # 13

6. String Methods:

Python provides a variety of built-in string methods for string manipulation, such as upper(), lower(), replace(), find(), split(), and more.

text = "Python Programming"
uppercase_text = text.upper()
lowercase_text = text.lower()
replaced_text = text.replace("Python", "Java")

7. Escape Characters:

Escape characters are used to represent special characters in a string, such as newline (\n), tab (\t), or a backslash (\\).

multiline_text = "This is a\nmultiline\nstring."

8. String Formatting:

String formatting allows you to embed expressions inside string literals.

name = "Alice"
age = 30
message = f"My name is {name} and I am {age} years old."

9. Raw Strings:

Raw strings are created by prefixing the string literal with r or R. They are often used for regular expressions or paths to avoid interpreting escape characters.

raw_string = r"C:\Users\John\Documents"

10. String Conversion:

You can convert other data types to strings using the str() function.

num = 42
str_num = str(num)  # Converts the integer 42 to the string '42'

Strings are versatile and are used in various contexts, such as text processing, input/output operations, and formatting. Familiarity with string manipulation and the available string methods is important for effective Python programming.