Exception Handling in Python

In Python, the try...except statement is used for exception handling. It allows you to catch and handle exceptions that might occur during the execution of a block of code. This helps in preventing your program from crashing when unexpected errors occur.

Basic Syntax:

try:
    # Code that may raise an exception
    # ...
except ExceptionType1 as variable1:
    # Code to handle ExceptionType1
    # ...
except ExceptionType2 as variable2:
    # Code to handle ExceptionType2
    # ...
else:
    # Code that will be executed if no exception occurs
    # ...
finally:
    # Code that will be executed no matter what (optional)
    # ...

• The try block contains the code that may raise an exception.
• The except block(s) specify the type of exception to catch and handle. You can have multiple except blocks to handle different types of exceptions.
• The else block contains code that will be executed if no exception occurs in the try block. It is optional.
• The finally block contains code that will be executed no matter what, whether an exception is raised or not. It is optional.

Example:

try:
    num1 = int(input("Enter a number: "))
    num2 = int(input("Enter another number: "))
    result = num1 / num2
    print(f"Result: {result}")
except ValueError as ve:
    print(f"Error: {ve}. Please enter a valid integer.")
except ZeroDivisionError as zde:
    print(f"Error: {zde}. Cannot divide by zero.")
else:
    print("No exception occurred.")
finally:
    print("This will be executed no matter what.")

In this example, the program attempts to perform division based on user input. It catches ValueError if the user does not enter a valid integer and ZeroDivisionError if the user tries to divide by zero. The else block prints a message if no exception occurs, and the finally block prints a message that will be executed regardless of whether an exception occurred or not.

Using try...except is a good practice for handling potential errors and ensuring that your program can gracefully handle unexpected situations. It helps improve the robustness of your code.