JavaScript Conditional Statements: if, else if, else

if Statement:

The if statement is used to execute a block of code if a specified condition evaluates to true.

let x = 10;

if (x > 5) {
  console.log("x is greater than 5");
}

if-else Statement:

The if-else statement allows you to execute one block of code if a condition is true and another block if the condition is false.

let y = 3;

if (y > 5) {
  console.log("y is greater than 5");
} else {
  console.log("y is not greater than 5");
}

else if Statement:

The else if statement allows you to check additional conditions if the preceding if or else if conditions are false.

let z = 7;

if (z > 10) {
  console.log("z is greater than 10");
} else if (z > 5) {
  console.log("z is greater than 5 but not greater than 10");
} else {
  console.log("z is 5 or less");
}

Nesting Conditionals:

You can also nest if statements within each other to create more complex conditional structures.

let a = 15;

if (a > 10) {
  if (a < 20) {
    console.log("a is between 10 and 20");
  } else {
    console.log("a is greater than or equal to 20");
  }
} else {
  console.log("a is 10 or less");
}

Ternary Operator (Conditional Operator):

The ternary operator is a shorthand way of writing a simple if-else statement.

let b = 8;

let result = (b > 5) ? "b is greater than 5" : "b is 5 or less";

console.log(result);

Truthy and Falsy Values:

Keep in mind that JavaScript has truthy and falsy values. In conditional statements, values are coerced to a boolean (true or false). Falsy values include false, 0, '' (empty string), null, undefined, and NaN. Any other value is considered truthy.

let value = 0;

if (value) {
  console.log("Truthy");
} else {
  console.log("Falsy");
}

Understanding conditional statements is crucial for controlling the logical flow of your programs and making decisions based on various conditions.